All Generations Before Me and Far Cry from Africa free essay sample

The Poem is of Nazi period. The artist communicates his inclination which he experience during that period. Yehuda Amichai is a German Jew whose family fled the Nasis and emigrated to Palestine in 1936. The sonnet discusses the Nazi system and the period. He battled the World war II and the Israeli war of Independence. | He has composed books and plays and has educated every once in a while in American Universities. He is known for his profoundly otherworldly and philosophical compositions and his amusing reflections on keeps an eye on predetermination in a universe of divisions and chains of command. To discuss the sonnet, the sonnet All the Generations Before me is an amazingly close to home impression of a man and craftsman in a particular reality. In the sonnet All the ages Before me, the accompanying individual reflections are noted. A man and craftsman in a particular timeframe. Jerusalem and the twentieth Century The sonnet talks about self as the entirety of convention and history Political, financial and social conditions. We will compose a custom paper test on All Generations Before Me and Far Cry from Africa or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The writer starts the sonnet by saying that all the age before him gave heritage a little bit at a time, so he has become an undeniable Jew. He analyzes himself to a place of petition in Jerusalem or beneficent Institution that has been raised because of noble cause and gift. The artist needed to have attaching to each one of the individuals who have added to his reality. My names, my donor;s name really implies that the writer has changed his unique last name Pfeuffer to Amichai meaning My kin live. In the second refrain of the sonnet, the writer has developed old and he is moving toward the age his dad when he kicked the bucket. He is attempting to recall lifes encounters fixed with numerous patches. The writer says that every day is new understanding for him and he has the obligation of satisfying the predictions that some time or another all the Jews will have returned to the guarantee land. There is an official in the guarantees and none of them were lies. At long last the artist finishes up and says that he have spent forty years old and that shapes an obstacle for him to be qualified for work. Mockingly he says that where he been in Auschwitc he would not be troubled for looking through an occupation, as he would have been sent directly to the inhumane imprisonment, gassed and executed. May be this is a memory of what befallen his dad and ancestors during the Nazi system. Long ways from Africa A Far Cry from Africa by Derek Walcott manages the topic of split character and tension brought about by it even with the battle wherein the writer could favor neither gathering. It is, so, about the poet’s undecided emotions towards the Kenyan fear based oppressors and the counter-psychological militant white frontier government, the two of which were barbaric, during the autonomy battle of the nation during the 1950s. The persona, presumably the artist himself, can take favor of none of them since the two bloods course along his veins. He has been given English tongue which he adores from one perspective, and on the other, he can't endure the fierce butcher of Africans with whom he shares blood and a few conventions. His inner voice precludes him to support foul play. He is in the condition of hesitation, grieved, wishing to see harmony and agreement in the locale. Starting with emotional setting, the sonnet ‘A Far Cry from Africa’ opens an unpleasant scene of gore in An african area. ‘Bloodstreams’, ‘scattered corpses,’ ‘worm’ show horrendous sight of fight. Local blacks are being eliminated like Jews in holocaust following the executing of a white youngster in its bed by blacks.  The title of the sonnet includes a phrase: â€Å"a far cry† implies an inconceivable thing. Yet, the writer appears to utilize the words in different faculties likewise; the title recommends in one sense that the artist is expounding on an African subject from a separation. Composing from the island of St. Lucia, he feels that he is at a tremendous separation both actually and figuratively from Africa. â€Å"a far cry† may likewise have another importance, that the genuine condition of the African ‘paradise’ is a long ways from the Africa that we have found out about in depictions of lovely fauna and greenery and intriguing town customs. What's more, a third degree of significance to the title is the possibility of Walcott hearing the sonnet as a long ways coming right across a large number of miles of sea. He hears the cry coming to him on the breeze. The creature symbolism is another significant component of the sonnet. Walcott sees as satisfactory viciousness the nature or â€Å"natural law† of creatures murdering each other to eat and endure; yet people has been transformed even the uncouth creature conduct into more awful and pointless brutality. Brutes come out better than â€Å"upright man† since creatures do what they should do, any don't look for heavenly nature through delivering torment. Walcott accepts that human, in contrast to creatures, have no reason, no genuine method of reasoning, for killing non â€combatants in the Kenyan clash. Savagery among them has transformed into a bad dream of inadmissible monstrosity dependent on shading. Along these lines, we have the â€Å"Kikuyu† and viciousness in Kenya, savagery in a â€Å"paradise†, and we have â€Å"statistics† that don’t mean anything and â€Å"scholar†, who will in general toss their weight behind pilgrim strategy: Walcott’s shock is extremely just by the guidelines of the late 1960s, even limited. More striking than the creature symbolism is simply the picture of the writer toward the finish of the sonnet. He is isolated, and doesn’t have any break. â€Å"I who am harmed with the blood of both, where will I go, separated to the vein? † This dismal completion represents an outcome of dislodging and disengagement. Walcott feels outside in the two societies because of his blended blood. An individual feeling of personality emerges from social impacts, which characterize one’s character as per a specific society’s principles; the poet’s crossover legacy keeps him from recognizing straightforwardly with one culture. Along these lines makes a sentiment of disconnection. Walcott delineates Africa and Britain in the standard jobs of the vanquished and the champion, despite the fact that he depicts the coldblooded imperialistic endeavors of the British without making compassion toward the African tribesmen. This impartially permits Walcott to think about the deficiencies of each culture without returning to the inclination made by thoughtfulness regarding moral contemplations. Be that as it may, Walcott repudiates the friend in need picture of the British through a horrible portrayal in the guaranteeing lines. â€Å"Only the worm, colonel of carcass cries/‘waste no empathy on their isolated dead. The word ‘colonel’ is a punning on ‘colonial’ too. The Africans related with a crude normal quality and the British depicted as a falsely improved force stay equivalent in the challenge for command over Africa and its kin. Walcott’s separated loyalties induce a feeling of blame as he needs to receive the â€Å"civilized† culture of the British however can't pardon their indecent treatment of the Africans. The sonnet uncovers the degree of Walcott’s alarm through the poet’s powerlessness to determine the conundrum of his half breed legacy. Lines 1-3 The initial three lines portray the poem’s setting on the African plain, or veldt. The country itself is contrasted with a creature (maybe a lion) with a â€Å"tawny pelt. † Tawny is a shading depicted as light earthy colored to caramel orange that is normal shading in the African scene. The word â€Å"Kikuyu† fills in as the name of a local clan in Kenya. What appears to be an unspoiled depiction of the African plain rapidly moves; the Kikuyu are contrasted with flies (humming around the â€Å"animal† of Africa) who are benefiting from blood, which is available in huge enough adds up to make streams. Lines 4-6 Walcott breaks the picture of a heaven that many partner with Africa by portraying a scene covered with cadavers. He includes a nauseating subtlety by alluding to a worm, or parasite, that reigns in this setting of rotting human substance. The worm’s rebuke to â€Å"Waste no sympathy on these different dead! † is bewildering in that it suggests that the casualties some way or another got what they merited. Lines 7-10 The notice of the words â€Å"justify† and â€Å"colonial policy,† when taken in setting with the first six lines, at last explains the specific occasion that Walcott is portraying †the Mau Uprising against British pioneers in Kenya during the 1950s. Where prior the speaker appeared to accuse the people in question, he currently accuses the individuals who constrained the provincial framework onto Kenya and enraptured the populace. They can't legitimize their activities, on the grounds that their reasons will never matter to the â€Å"white child† who has been killed †just as a result of his shading †in reprisal by Mau contenders or to the â€Å"savages,† who †in as bigot a demeanor as was taken by Nazis against Jews †are considered useless, or disposable. (â€Å"Savages† is a disputable term that gets from the French wordâ sauvageâ meaning wild, and is presently completely disparaging in English. Walcott’s utilization of â€Å"savage† capacities to introduce a English colonialist’s supremacist perspective. ) Lines 11-14 Walcott changes gears in these lines and comes back to pictures of Africa’s untamed life, in an update that the ibises (since a long time ago charged swimming flying creatures) and different monsters controlled this land well before African or European progress existed. The writer additionally depicts a centuries-old chasing custom of locals strolling in a line through the long grass and beating it to flush out prey. Such murdering for food is set against the silly and arbitrary

Teenage love free essay sample

Do youngsters today have their needs in the right request with regards to dating? Increasingly more frequently, it doesn't appear they do. A few adolescents nowadays invest an excessive amount of energy concentrating on their sentimental connections rather than the things that ought to be progressively significant. Adolescents who are in genuine connections couldn't care less as much about school, their families, or their employments. These youngsters appear to overlook everything that ought to be critical to them. School ought to be a significant need for young people. In secondary school, instructors attempt to get ready youngsters for what lies ahead throughout everyday life. That incorporates heading out to school and entering the working scene. In any case, numerous young people in genuine connections start putting off getting their work done and reading for tests. Their evaluations start to drop, and sooner than they know it, they are bombing their classes. Most occasions when these lovesick young people start coming up short, they couldn't care less. We will compose a custom exposition test on High school love or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Now and again the young people even drop out. In todays world it is about impossibleâ â middle of paperâ nship without getting my needs stirred up. So for the individuals who express it is difficult to do these things, I know from individual experience that it isn't. I am not saying that it isn't right to date as a young person. Simply recollect what is significant. The high school years are to be utilized as an opportunity to develop and encounter new things, yet not to the detriment of what is significant throughout everyday life. Simply keep a level head and don't get excessively associated with that huge other at this moment. It is imperative to recall what it significant throughout everyday life.

Internationalization and Cultural Implications for Joint Ventures in Saudi Arabia

Internationalization and Cultural Implications for Joint Ventures in Saudi Arabia Presentation Brief Overview of the Topic In this writing audit, it is important to think about the association among internationalization and social ramifications for joint endeavors in Saudi Arabia. This inquiry is particularly earnest these days because of the procedure of incorporation and multifaceted communication.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on Internationalization and Cultural Implications for Joint Ventures in Saudi Arabia explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Due to the way that the common type of worldwide business in Saudi Arabia is joint endeavors, it is extremely huge for organizations in Saudi Arabia, specific for the industrialization procedure since it gives quick access to present day innovations and offers more extensive open doors for the turn of events and headway of HR (Mababaya, 2003a, p. 157). The expanded enthusiasm for business tasks in Saudi Arabia can be clarified by the rising open door for outside speculators t o take part in the Kingdom’s mechanical endeavors. In any case, what is progressively significant is that worldwide business relations are improved by Saudi’s noteworthy track records, regard for customs and history, and global law (Mababaya, 2003a, p. 157). Consequently, Saudi Arabia is viewed as a perfect spot for making joint endeavors in participation with remote financial specialists because of numerous reasons, aside from the nearness of bounteous hydrocarbon assets. Significance of Literature Review for the Proposal Despite the way that the country’s culture is homogeneous somewhat, Saudi individuals, especially the delegates of youthful ages, have involvement with helping out colleagues from different societies. Before the oil was found, Saudi Arabia has low paces of creation and the center business tasks were centered around exchanging (Katz, 2007). The business culture, in this manner, help them in turning out to be keen bargainers. Subsequently, becau se of the procedure of globalization and internationalization, social condition of Saudi Arabia has gotten extremely noteworthy for different societies. World market, along these lines, is currently progressively worried about internationalization and social impact of the Middle East. In this examination proposition, it is important to look at the center social ramifications for joint endeavors in Saudi Arabia. The writing audit introduced beneath will demonstrate that coordination of social issues into the universal business is significant, both for Saudi Arabia and for the remote investors.Advertising Looking for examine paper on business financial matters? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Literature Review Cultural Features of Saudi Arabia and Importance of Culture for International Cooperation In request to comprehend the procedure of globalization and social concerns identified with it, it is important to examine the qu irks of Saudi societies and conventions, especially people’s severe adherence to them. Without a doubt, the mindset and history of the Saudi people group ought to be taken in the most profound thought. The significance of culture for the Saudi individuals and business world is demonstrated by the looks into introduced underneath. Subsequently, Moran et al. (2007) has distinguished that â€Å"Arabs are individuals of extraordinary feelings and wistfulness †and now and then of overabundance and limits. They hold in high respect companionship, devotion, and equity, and, when occasions and conduct conflict with that feeling of equity, they will prone to be ethically shock and indignant† (p. 339). Every one of those highlights play a huge in building fruitful business relations, yet at the same time one ought not hold fast to the introduced generalizations to a full degree. Walker et al. (2003) additionally concur with the presumption that social viewpoints ought to be deliberately treated with regards to the Middle East world. The scientists accept that the procedure of Westernization is unbendingly stood up to in Saudi Arabia, yet this identifies with Western culture as it were. As such, Saudi culture mirrors the thoughts of tolerating Western innovation without impregnating Western culture and belief system. Specifically, the Arabs â€Å"are restricted to Western social impacts, considering them to be adulterating and spoiling and possibly sabotaging their strict, ethnic and innate heritage† (Walker, 2003, p. 96). This resistance demonstrates that the significance of culture must be considered on the ascent of the globalization procedure. The examinations performed by Oxford Business Group (2008) have uncovered that all issues associated with participation and exchanging Saudi Arabia is firmly identified with Islam. It suggests that all business exchanges and joint endeavors are at first dependent on traditionalist ways to deal with bui lding relations. Consequently, more established ages of the Arab world clings to exacting social codes and debilitates the cooperation of ladies in overseeing and finishing up business understandings. Simultaneously, the examination has likewise uncovered that more youthful ages have various perspectives on social issues. Like Walker et al. (2003) and Moran et al. (2007), Mead and Andrews (2009) have appended significance to culture and religion in worldwide participation with Saudi Arabia with the rise of joint endeavors. Specifically, outrageous conservatism of Saudi people group despite everything restricts to Westernization because of inflexible dependability to conventions and good codes. In such manner, the administration and human asset the board framework isn't exposed to social democratization and socialization (Meat and Andrews, 2005, p. 74). Shoult (2006) has likewise directed research on joint endeavors and significance of Saudi culture for building up effective particip ation. Specifically, the creator takes note of that â€Å"if its presentation has flopped rapidly to arrive at the Saudi partners’ desires, it might even end up treated as their very own troubled branch establishment† (Shoult, 2006, p.169). The information on the Arab mindset and brain research is fundamental for remote accomplices to sort out effective joint ventures.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on Internationalization and Cultural Implications for Joint Ventures in Saudi Arabia explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More One way or another, it is basic to have an eager and imaginative Saudi accomplice who is happy to coordinate. Emerging from this reality, Mababaya (2003b) has discovered that the disappointment of driving British organization to set up fruitful relations lies in their weak endeavor to comprehend social particulars of the Middle East world. Overlooking social setting, the organizations neglected to adapt to risin g issues. Different analysts (Onkvisit and Shaw, 2008; Broways and Price, 2008) likewise concur with the possibility that a diverse factor ought to be a need toward the Western accomplices on the off chance that they intend to sort out a joint endeavor in Saudi Arabia. Specifically, they should know the points of interest of working hours and occasion contrasts. The creator likewise analyzes the privileged insights of fruitful correspondence where an outside accomplice should invest a lot of energy before continuing with business issues. Onkvisit and Shaw (2008) express that trust is the premise of all business tasks and a vital condition for every single joint endeavor. As a rule, the above-introduced contemplates uncover a few significant realities about the Middle East world and Saudi Arabia specifically. Above all else, the Arab individuals connect a lot of regard for kinship and equity and have an incredible regard to more seasoned ages. Because of the way that these individual s are of incredible nostalgia, they esteem a conscious and prompt mentality to them. In business tasks, they extraordinarily restrict toward the Westernization procedure and investment of ladies. At long last, they offer credit to Islam and accept that trust is the premise of a fruitful collaboration. Every one of these components ought to be painstakingly handled if remote accomplices need to set up positive relations with the Arab individuals. Impact of Internationalization on Joint Ventures in Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia is known as the fundamental world maker of oil and, in this way, it assumes a tremendous job in oil advertise (Cordesman, 2003, p. 473). Providing around 95 % of oil, Saudi Aramco gives solid key benefit to the nation just as global adaptability and acknowledgment among other world makers (Cordesman, 2003, p. 473). The procedure of disguise that has infiltrated to the nation has offered ascend to the country’s social acknowledgment and bargain with respect t o driving world makers. Based on the above-introduced realities, it ought to be accepted that the procedure of disguise has expanded the significance of the Arab culture and has presented the Middle East on the world field. From one perspective, it allowed splendid open doors for the country’s improvement. Then again, the nation has confronted genuine multicultural and universal issues that are difficult to overcome.Advertising Searching for investigate paper on business financial aspects? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More The procedure of globalization has enormously added to the headway of economy in Saudi Arabia. Import and fare exercises completed by privately-run company houses haves changed their course to worldwide business activities. Therefore the world has perceived such worldwide endeavors as SABIC, Kingdom Holding, and ARAMCO (Ali, 2008, p. 227). Moreover, the enrollment the WTO has likewise empowers the nation to propel their human services frameworks and improve the journal business. As indicated by Ali (2008), â€Å"globalization is more than business inclusion and that the last ought not be separated from its political and ecological concernsâ?

Child Labour (Essay) - 550 Words

Child Labour (Essay Sample) Content: Child LaborNameInstitutionInstructorCourseDateChild LaborChild labor is emerging as one of the alarming social issues throughout the world. It is approximated that more than 260 million children are working worldwide. In addition, more than a half of these children work under unconducive working environment. It is further argued that about one million children are trafficked each year, hence the ever increasing number of child labor (World Trade Organization, 2003). There is no single definite definition of what child labor is, as various scholars have come up with different descriptions. However, it is generally defined as any work or activity which dispossesses children of their childhood. Child labor has been associated with various issues most importantly inadequate education opportunities, poverty, a range of health risks, and gender inequality. Perhaps, one of the most significant effects of child labor is interruption of the normal physical, mental and social d evelopment of a child. From a psychological point of view, it is largely argued that child labor negatively impacts the physical, mental and social development of children. Unlike adults, children lack the physical ability to effectively handle their tasks at their working environment. Therefore, they are easily injured physically as compared to the adults (Gamble, A2013). In fact, majority of the employed children end up losing fundamental organs in the course of their work, some of which condemn them to become handicaps for the rest of their life. Besides, as a result of physically strenuous activities, coupled with poor nutrition, stunted growth is likely to occur among employed children. It is has also been noted that working in depressing working environment contributes to emotional abuse among the children. Furthermore, such children endure challenges in developing their social life as they lack enough time to interact with their peers. Hence, there is a high possibility of co mpromising their self-esteem, something that affects them for their entire life (Balagamwala, 2003).The other effect of child labor is interruption of a childs education and cognitive development. It is unlikely that employed children would manage to effectively amalgamate working with schooling. Thus, a large number of the employed children, more especially those on the full-time basis, have poor education foundation. Consequently, such children are denied a conducive environment to develop cognitive skills. It is also worth pointing out that even those who attend school while working on part-time, their performance in school is much lower than those who are not employed at all (U.S. Department of Labor, 1998). Child labor contributes to unskilled badly paid employment opportunities. Undoubtedly, from a short-term perspective, child labor is a source of income for most families, and perhaps this is one of the reasons why child labor has been increasing on an increasing rate through out the world. However, from a long-term point of view, child labor is one of the leading factors that have contributed to high levels of poverty in the world. This is because it deprives children of the opportunity of developing skills that would allow them to effectively compete in well paying job opportunities (Gamble, A2013). In fact, employed children have little chances of participating in white collar jobs, as a result of a poor education background. It is evident that child laborers only grow to become low-wage-earning adults. As a result, their offspring are also likely to join child labor in the attempt to augment the income of the family. Consequently, child labor and poverty is transmitted f...

Fp101 - 959 Words

------------------------------------------------- University of Phoenix Material Credit Protection and Identity Theft Directions Refer to: Free Credit Report on the Federal Trade Commission’s site. * Identity Theft resource center on the Federal Trade Commission’s site. Provide answers to three of the following questions based on your readings and your personal experiences. Answers should be 100-to 150-words each. 1. If you find errors on your credit report, what steps would you take to correct them? 1. Tell the credit reporting company, in writing, what information you think is inaccurate. Credit reporting companies must investigate the items in question — usually within 30 days — unless they†¦show more content†¦4. Using the FTC site, what can you do to minimize the chance of your identity getting stolen? Keeping your important papers secure, shredding documents with sensitive information before you put them in the trash, and limiting the personal information you carry with you are among the ways you can protect your identity you could also put some active duty alerts to add an extra layer of protection to the credit records. An active duty alert on a credit report means businesses have to take extra steps before granting credit in your name. Active duty alerts last for 1 year, and can be renewed to match the period of deployment also never give your credit cardShow MoreRelatedFp101 Week 1 Dq Answers1559 Words   |  7 PagesFP/101 Week One DQ 1   Post a 150- to 300-word response to the following discussion question by clicking on Reply:   Refer to Figure 1-1 of Personal Finance. List the five steps in the personal financial planning process. Share one or two questions you may ask yourself when you are in Step 1.   According to Figure 1-1 of Personal Finance, the five steps in the personal financial planning process are: Step 1 – Analyze your current finances, Step 2 – Develop goals, Step 3 – Identify and evaluateRead MoreFoundations of Personal2001 Words   |  9 Pages|Nongraded Activities and |Watch the video, Decision to Own a Home vs. Rent, located at the following link: |Week 1 | | |Preparation |https://ecampus.phoenix.edu/secure/aapd/materials/videos/FP101.html |Day 7 | | |Video | | | | |Individual Read MoreHow Can Communities and Governments Encourage Recycling Efforts in the United States?3602 Words   |  15 PagesQuestions | Respond to weekly discussion questions. | | 1 | Nongraded Activities and Preparation Video | Watch the video, Decision to Own a Home vs. Rent, located at the following link: https://ecampus.phoenix.edu/secure/aapd/materials/videos/FP101.html | | | Individual Personal Financial Planning Worksheet | Resource: Appendix BComplete the Personal Financial Planning Worksheet located in Appendix B. Be sure to answer all questions completely.Post your Personal Financial Planning

Impact Of Small And Medium Sized Businesses On Jobs And...

Running head: SMEs 1 The Impact of Small and Medium Sized Businesses on Jobs and the Economy Name: Institution: Outline 1. Introduction Introduces the discussion and gives a thesis statement 2. Discussion Explores the contribution of SMEs to the economy, gives detailed statistics from various academic sources. It also offers an explanation of the impact of the 2008 financial crisis to the SMEs contribution to the economy in regards to employment 3. Conclusion Wraps up the discussion The Impact of Small and Medium Sized Businesses on Jobs and the Economy Introduction The term â€Å"SME† is commonly used to refer to Small and Medium-sized Enterprises. The term covers a variety of definitions as well as measures. However, in most of the various definitions of what is an SME, employment is the most widely used criterion for categorizing the size of the firm. Moreover, SMEs are often defined as businesses with fewer than 500 employees. However, a number of countries, including some in the European Union use a lower cutoff of 250 employees. SMEs are important in the economy because they have some unique benefits to the economy chief among these being employment and job creation among others. The following discussion explores the impact of SME to the economy, especially in regards to employment and the creation of jobs among others. Discussion It is already apparent that SMEs are very important in an economy. SMEs make up over 95% of enterprises andShow MoreRelatedUsing Information Technology Into A Small And Medium Sized Enterprises2010 Words   |  9 PagesSmall and medium-sized enterprises account for the majority if the share in the market and most of the employment in certain sectors of the economy. They have unique characteristics that both work to their advantage and prove a burden. Activities involving information technology has drastically increased and many of these businesses bring up questions of how beneficial it can be to the profits and partners made. Professional managerial skills are vital in properly using information technology andRead MoreAnalyzing Three Levels Of Entrepreneurship : Individual Level, Firm Level And Macro Level1322 Words   |  6 Pagesindustries and national economies, the sum of entrepreneurial activities constitute of new ideas and initiatives. This competition of new ideas and ini tiatives leads to change and variety in the marketplace and this can lead to economic growth. This model show the relation between the entrepreneurship and economic growth. How are entrepreneurs related to the increase in standard of living? There are many reasons why entrepreneurs are important to the economy; they create new businessRead MoreThe Issues Facing Small Business1655 Words   |  7 Pagesto critically evaluate the issues facing small business owners in the pursuit of business growth with recommendations as to how government policy might be informed to support SMEs to achieve their growth objectives. It will be highlight by innovation through this journal. Key words: †¢ Innovation †¢ Economic growth †¢ SME †¢ Job creation †¢ Technology †¢ Government policy Introduction Definition of SME: â€Å"Similarly, recent EU definitions specify that a small company is one with no more than 50 employeesRead MoreThe Challenges Of Small Businesses Essay1428 Words   |  6 PagesABSTRACT The main objective of this research is to analyse and study the challenges that lead to dereliction of some small businesses in Potchefstroom. The study aims to understand and find ways or improved strategies that could assist small businesses to succeed in the future. According to SBA (Cited by Anon., 2016), 30% of new businesses fail during the first two years of being open, 50% during the first five years and 66% during the first 10.This usually takes place because of common factorsRead MoreImportance Of Small And Micro Enterprises1911 Words   |  8 PagesThe importance of small and Micro Enterprises (SMEs) in the economy of any country cannot be overlooked. In fact for nearly 15 years, most researchers dealing with economic planning have highlighted the significance of these enterprises stating that they are a key player in realizing any country’s economic goals. As such, governments as well as other organizations with interest in development are laying plans and strategies to promote the establishment of Small and Micro Enterprises. This is seenRead MoreRole Of Government As An Entrepreneurial Environment1528 Words   |  7 Pagesfavouring policies. Government policy for entrepreneurship The government must structure its policies in such a way that it nurtures an entrepreneurial environment and allows effective opportunities for entrepreneurial firms to grow and make an impact towards national economic development. †By focusing on existing, new and nascent entrepreneurs, entrepreneurship policy focuses on the change of process acknowledging the need to respect antecedents and consider future opportunities.† (Mitra, 2012Read MoreThe Impact Of Tax On Small Businesses1146 Words   |  5 PagesDue to the value added tax rise in 2011, the Federation of Small Businesses (2011) estimated that 1.6% of the labour force would be lost. The Centre for Cities (2015) shows that there is 20 percent of small and medium sized enterprises in the United Kingdom, they reduced their workforce between 2011 and 2014. It is the same rate between 2008 to 2011. Although small and medium sized enterprises contraction is less than the 28.8 percent of their expanding, they still lea d nearly one million peopleRead MoreHistorical Background Of Manufacturing Smes1217 Words   |  5 Pagesjustification of the study, objectives of the study, research questions, research hypothesis, significance of the study, research assumptions, scope or delimitations of the study, ethical considerations and a summary. 1.2 Background to the study (60) Small to medium enterprises (SMEs) have become increasingly important to Zimbabwe s economic growth. Given the increasing number of retrenches due to the economic downturn Zimbabwe experienced, SMEs offer the best alternative means of livelihood for most peopleRead MoreHow The Financial Crisis Has Significant Influence On The Global Economy1348 Words   |  6 Pages The financial crisis had significant influence on the global economy in 2008. China is a typical example in economic shock. For example, financial crisis affect the economy of China’s coastal areas badly, causing many businesses closed down. In the meantime, the credit crisis broke out due to the fact that the large number of using credit card is beyond the self-repayable ability, thereby formingRead MoreUnderstanding The International Context Of Business Trade And Logistics947 Words   |  4 PagesThere are ma ny benefits of understanding the international context of business trade and logistics. To achieve competitive advantage, even within small firms, it is necessary to gain expertise in the international logistics activities which are much more complex than what domestic trade involves. The world’s economy is increasingly global, and the logistics sector designates a significant fraction of that economic activity, the estimated total stands at $7. 4 trillion dollars (David, 2013, p. 53)

Effect On The Mental Health Of Culturally â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Effect On The Mental Health Of Culturally? Answer: Introducation Several studies that have focused on the topic of mental health studies, have failed to come up with one agreed the definition of what mental health status is. For example, the World Health Organization ([WHO], 2014) used the following words, a state of well-being in which very individual realizes his or her own potential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community (Col. 1). Furthermore, the WHO uses its constitution to express and stress on the positive dimension of mental health as the state of the complete elements of an individual in terms of their social wellbeing, the mental, and physical and not necessarily the absence of infirmity or diseases. It is from this explanation that helps to explain the significance role of mental healthcare and disorders of people. Martin (2012) conducted an examination that studies the mental health status of patients. Martin explains that a mental sta tus involves a structured assessment regarding the cognitive and behavioural functioning of patients. The assessment incorporates the description of general behaviours of patients and their appearances, their levels of attentiveness, consciousness, speech and motor activities, their mood, thinking, perception abilities, insights, attitude, reaction towards an external environment, and their cognitive abilities. However, the most clinically relevant cognitive functioning involves the abstract reasoning, the constructive ability, memory, language, and alertness. Based on the above definitions, it is critical to point out that mental health comprises of different sets that bring out the positive attributes in people. It is a state of the wellbeing that allows an individual to recognize own ability, adapt to the normal stress of life, and work in order to produce for own living or that of the family. While the attributes that define mental health remain universal, it is critical to note that every culture has a different way of expressing it. Cultures do this in terms of their contexts and how sensitive they that every culture tend to value (Snider McPhedran, 2014). The social, economic, and political settings help increase their relevancy and success. Besides, different names have also been used when defining the term well-being. Herrman Jane-Liopis (2012) maintain that Aristotle developed the concept of well-being to differentiate it between a moral life as a way of maintaining happiness and material life. All these were found to form the basic ingredients for meeting basic needs. He went ahead to consider well-being as a multidimensional, immaterial, and a material concept. Furthermore, he believed that any successful community should be able to share common principles regarding what is critical to becoming and living a well-being life. Even though the above definition is an cient, todays definition reflects ancient contributions and modern science. Hence, it is when a community or an individual shows the stage of doing well or being well in life, showing physical or moral welfare, being happy and healthy, or showing prosperous conditions. Minas, et al (2013) sought to understand the current mental health status of refugee and immigrant communities in Australia. Furthermore, the study also went ahead to examine whether research in Australian mental health focuses on fact of cultural and linguistic diversity among the Australian population. The third objective looks at whether the data collected on the mental health supports evidence of policy and practise among multicultural Australia. The finding shows that people born outside Australia showed a lower prevalence of substance use disorder, affective, and anxiety. Those that arrived recently indicated to have the lowest rates of disorder. The findings relevant to refugee and immigrant participants showed prevalence in the 2007 survey according to the country of birth (either overseas or Australia) and the year that immigrants arrived in Australia. For example, the financial indicated that those born outside the country had the lowest rates of prevalence in terms of anxi ety. Even though there have been differences in the findings regarding whether the prevalence of common mental disorders among immigrants and refugees are similar, lower, or even higher than Australian NSW (Reilly, et al. 2013; Garg, et al. 2017; Henderson, et al. 2014). The weight of findings from researchers in other countries and those conducted in Australia and most importantly, in NSW, shows that the level of prevalence is similar. Furthermore, the prevalence across certain birth groups of a country, tend to show high variability. The rates of depression, post-traumatic stress, and the anxiety disorder among multicultural Australians livening in NSW such as immigrants and refugees, were between four to five times that the problems among Tamil asylum seekers in Australia (Kalra, Ventriglio Bhugra, 2015). In addition, a significant proportion of Burmese refugees that live in Australia have been found to show the level of health problems such as post-stress disorders (PTSD), anxiety, a nd depression (Cyril, et al. 2012). Additionally, asylum seekers and refugees have been found to remain vulnerable to behaviours that contribute towards suicidal and self-harm tendencies. Among the multicultural communities living in NSW, for example, the results from Grace, et al. (2017) study indicates that the level of the prevalence of self-harm among the detained asylum seekers came out as being higher than the general population. This finding is consistent with research from other countries. Studies focusing on NSW have indicated that suicidal rates among the immigrant population reflect the country of birth. In overall, therefore, immigrants born in outside countries such as European, Northern, and Western countries had higher suicidal rates than South-Eastern Asia, middle-East, and Southern Europe (Dowse, et al. 2016). Specific Needs of CALD Women The term culturally and linguistically Diverse (CALD) brings together people in terms of culture, ethnicity, and languages that they speak. Most specifically, the term acknowledges diversity that occurs within and between different cultures and in incorporating unique experiences and identities of individuals (Dongxia Xiao, et al. 2013). In this case, therefore, culture brings together all different elements of women lives that incorporates their class, sexuality, ethnicity, disability and religion. According to Posselt, et al. (2017), we do not perceive culture as a fixed category, but that it is something that remain dynamic and adaptable. While ethnicity refers to a part of culture that relates to identification of an individual with a given group while looking at things they do in common (Baker, Procter Ferguson, 2016). Such things can incorporate language, race, and the country of origin. This definition recognises that women who come from English-speaking backgrounds have simi lar ethnicities as those that come from non-English speaking backgrounds (Zimbudzi, et al. 2012). The women that come from culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) backgrounds are more prone to experiencing the double-disadvantage of gender and cultural diversity likely to cause their needs and issues fail to be recognized or addressed by policy makers (Khawaja, et al. 2013). Consequently, failure to address them would lead to serious social and economic consequences towards the women themselves (Federal of Ethic Communities Council of Australia, [FECCA], (2012). FECCA went ahead to outline a number of issues that affect CALD women in Australia. They include high levels of discrimination, leadership and decision making, parity in terms of income, education, and employment, work-life balance, safety and equality at the places of work, safety at home in terms of domestic and family violence, lateral violence, safety in the community, women in detention centers, accessibility to housing, disability, accessibility to contraception, physical and mental health, and social inclusion and participation. Similarly, another study by Henderson, et al. (2014) understand some of the factors that affect CALD women. The findings identify such issues as lack of suitable resources, lack of cultural competency, and lack of accessibility to treatment areas. Snider McPhedran (2014) acknowledge that CALD women have heterogeneous needs. For instance, differences in terms of their country of origin, education, previous work, and family make up, pre-arrival experiences, religion, and age, all contribute to such women having different health and wellbeing needs. Kalra, Ventriglio Bhugra (2015) explain that the diversity that occurs among CALD women when it comes to their needs and the challenging nature over which such needs occurs, continue to challenge Western health service providers. CALD women need to be liberated from all forms of violence, discrimination, and racism. Silcox (2016) posit that the majority of health disparities have their roots in critical social structural inequalities. The inequalities relate to racism and other forms of discrimination that take place in societies. The inequalities go beyond the health care and health racial and ethnic groupings. Herrman Jane-Liopis (2012) argue that racism remain the most disturbing inequality. In case societies fail to examine interaction among different forms of discrimination because of multiple identifies, or better still compartmentalize different forms of discrimination, then any effort put in place might fail to manifest itself. Kalra, et al (2015) explain that policy makes revise different solutions, design programs, and policies with the hope that they will change the nature of discrimination subjected towards CALD women. However, failure to examine interactions can become disastrous not only on wom en but also policy makers. Racism and discrimination contribute towards undermining of health and wellbeing of CALD women. The Women Health West (WHW) report that some of the examples that explain cases of racist behaves and discrimination include physical threats and psychological intimidation. Societies discriminate against CALD women when they prevent them from participating in social activities such as dancing, participation in opportunities that occur in education and employment, and occupation and domestic safety and security. Herrman Jane-Liopis (2012) find that Muslim women that put on the veil become vulnerable because of a high chance of being visible to those in the community. However, studies have failed to examine as to whether participation in social activities such as dancing would help improve health status and wellbeing of women. Above studies only focuses on causes and types of discrimination. CALD women desire the needs of accessibility to affordable and secure housing. Secure nursing has been considered as being important factors that facilitate achievement of stability. It offers settlement for women especially asylum seekers and refugees. Baker, et al (2016) posit that currently, there is the need to increase the availability of options of housing in NSW. Apart from this, there is also the need to achieve service infrastructure that favors NSW. Key things noted by service providers include lack of vacancies and even unacceptability of a long waiting time going up to ten years. Second, there is the need for housing that suits the needs of a given family such as single or large parents. Third, there is an increase in regional demand for the public housing that has led to an increase in private rental markets over a period of the last five years. There is an ever increasing trend that leads towards the formation of ghettos in the Western regions that have high levels of u nemployment and incapable infrastructure. Furthermore, the relocation of public housing and an ever increasing in the outer regions from North Melbourne, Maidstone, Braybrook to Werribee and Melton, indicates that residents experience the pressure to vacate and live away from the existing community networks. Additionally, they get themselves socially isolated from participating in activities such as dancing and counselling programs that could assist them achieve high mental health and wellbeing (Rogers Earnest, 2014). CALD women need improved access to health services and use. Rogers Earnest (2015) maintain that women experience barriers to have an awareness concerning available services. There are several opportunities that are available for women to access health services. The study by Dowse, et al (2016) on Australian CALD shows that opportunities that contribute to access among CALD women involves gaining a deeper understanding of the roles provided by services and their relevance about the needs and concerns of women. This includes services such as screening and preventative health care. An opportunity can include bilingual and culturally sensitive practitioners that already understand differences that occur in cultures and behaviors. CALD women need to benefit from participating in social activities such as dancing and empowerment. Snider McPhedran (2014) explain that CALD women always desire to feel that the society values them and that they are also capable members of the community just as others. Burkhardt Rhodes (2012) conducted a study to understand some of the strategies that can be adopted to increase the level of participation among CALD women in societies. The findings revealed that women can take up roles in decision making and management. Such roles can involve identification and development of appropriate cultural health services and care. The findings also showed that women can develop and maintain a good rapport with communities at the grassroot level. Some of the activities include participating in forums, and engaging other women in consultations. Similarly, the Government of South Australia (2012) revealed that women could start to develop knowledge regarding appropriate legislation and their r ights. This can go beyond facilitation of where women can access their education, skills, and training. Roles of Physical Activities in Forms of Dance on Improvement of Mental Health and Wellbeing People Dancing Organization (2017) points out on the importance of participating in physical activities though dancing in order to improve on the mental health and wellbeing among the UK population. The findings show that dancing can bring out four benefits through the life course. During the early years, participating in dance activities ensures an improvement in cognitive and physical development. Furthermore, it also brings people from the different cultural background to enhance their social skills through social interaction. Second, dancing assists children and young people. According to the organization, is that dancing helps to increase cardiovascular fitness, prevent and ensure a total reduction in obesity and self-esteem among young people. Third, the finding shows that dancing among adults help reduce the risk of CHD and Type 2 diabetes. Most importantly, it ensures that adults are able to maintain and keep their bodies fit. The study conducted among UK adults showed that i t assisted them in reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression. While the findings among older people showed that dancing helped increase their social interaction. In overall, therefore, participating in regular dance sessions in an effective way for communities to remain active, engage in fun activities and remain social with everyone despite differences in race, age, ethnicity, or religion. Craig (2012) study sought to understand ways to improve wellbeing through the sports and physical activities. The study refers to a physical activity as participating in anything that makes our bodies to move. The analysis findings that mental benefits of participating in physical activities such as dancing, training or sporting includes reduction in feeling of stress, makes one to think clearly, reduce anxiety and create happier moods, develops a greater sense for one to remain calm, makes one to develop more self-esteem, and leads to a reduced risk of depression. Furthermore, the study points out that physical activities also contributes to three key social and emotional benefits. One, it makes people to come together and make friends and connect with those that are not within their social networks. Being around a group of people ensures that an individual develops mental health and a strong social network. Second, it makes people have fun. Majority of people enjoy it when active b ecause of the fun part that comes with activity. Furthermore, researchers have also found a strong association between things that people enjoy doing and an overall improvement of wellbeing. Third, it helps challenge stigma and discrimination. According to Sport England Lottery Fund (2017) is that some people find that when they become part of the sporting programme, it assists them reduce the level of stigma connected to an already existing mental health problem. Hence, it is only through participating in local projects with other people that can assist one to start sharing common interests. Consequently, this would help break down on any forms of available barriers while at the same time, challenging discrimination A recent study by Burkhardt Rhodes (2012) sought to commission dance to support health and wellbeing of participants. The findings show that dance forms a universal way that people express their cultures to achieve the benefits of positive mental health and wellbeing. Majority of respondents point out that participating in dancing assisted them prevent ill health from diseases such as diabetes, stroke, coronary heart disease, depression and cancer. The findings of this study are important because of the study focuses on a heterogeneous group among UK schools. Roles of Counselling Programs on Improvement of Mental Health and Wellbeing Wahass (2005) defines counselling as the process of assisting an individual or a group of people in a community to discover and develop own psychological, vocational, and educational potentials and consequently achieve an optimal level of social usefulness and personal happiness. Furthermore, Wahass reiterates that the concept of counselling remains democratic in the manner in which the assumptions rooted in its theory and practice, maintain that people have the right to decide on ways to shape their own destiny. The second assumption of the theory is that mature and experienced members within a multicultural community have the responsibility to ensure that people use their own choices to serve their choices and those of the society. Similarly, Silcox (2016) explain that it remains an implicit part of the philosophy of counselling for objectives remain complementary instead of conflicting. The role of those that guide individuals should not target at compromising between the demands of an individual and those of a society. Instead, counsellors should ensure that they orient individuals or groups of people that need such services towards the opportunity provided by an environment to achieve personal aspirations and personal needs. Meany-Walen, Davis-Gage Lindo (2016) argues that counselling involves services provided to a group or individuals that are experiencing mental problems and require professional assistance to assist them overcome. Persistence of problems can keep an individual remain disturbed and experience a lot of tension. Unless one gets a professional assistance, then this could as well hamper personal development, wellbeing, the contribution to the society, and overall positive mental health. Friedli Parsonage (2009) sought to understand the role of psychologist counsellors in provision of health care. Friedli Parsonage concludes that counselling psychology forms a specialty discipline of psychology where practitioners use their skills to assist people as groups and individuals to improve their wellbeing, reduce on their levels of distress, respond to crises, and increase the ability for them to elucidate problems and come up with the best decisions. He further explains that counselling psych ologists offer their professional assistance to groups and individuals in areas that relate to mental health, wellbeing, interpersonal relationships, crisis management and work. Friedli Parsonage (2009) conducted a study among women in Wales community to understand the economic case for promoting mental health and prevention of mental illnesses. The women respondents indicate that counselling programs made them receive a recovery approach of improved care, see the value of life, and perform well in their communities. Currently, the Welsh policy spells out that an improvement of mental health among people in Wales lies at the heart of the Welsh Assembly Government agenda for the public health. The government focus extents to adopting conventional approaches such as counselling programs in multicultural communities where there are the majority of CALD women, vulnerable groups, and immigrants. Mental Health Coalition (2012) supports above findings and notes that implementing or commissioning school-based counselling services depends on varying types of counselling that is appropriate to the group. For example, the age of the group determines the counselling se rvices. Counselling among children that come from different cultural backgrounds shape them to see ways to solve their problems while at the same time, see the positive side of life as part of developing the positive wellbeing lifestyles. Furthermore, promoting the emotional and mental wellbeing on young people and their parents through counselling support makes them respond well to emotional difficulties. The study concludes that support provides them with the skills on ways to cope with challenges of life, make them understand ways to develop strong relationships, and achieve their potential. Furthermore, it will make the school start to develop healthier and a safe environment. References Mental Health Coalition (2012). How to improve the emotional and mental wellbeing of children and young people in your school. [Online] from https://www.brpsychotherapy.co.uk/app/download/5788458029/Talking+treatments.pdf. Accessed September 20, 2017 People Dancing Organization (2017). Health and wellbeing. [Online] from https://www.communitydance.org.uk/developing-participation/health-and-wellbeing. Accessed on September 19, 2017 Sport England Lottery Fund (2017). How to improve your wellbeing through physical activity and sport. [Online] from https://www.mind.org.uk/media/2976123/how-to-improve-your-wellbeing-through-physical-activity-and-sport.pdf. Accessed on September 19, 2017 Baker, A. Z., Procter, N. G., Ferguson, M. S. (2016). Engaging with culturally and linguistically diverse communities to reduce the impact of depression and anxiety: a narrative review. Health Social Care in the Community, 24(4), 386-398. Burkhardt, J., Rhodes, J. (2012). Commissioning Dance for Health and Well-Being Guidance and Resources for Commissioners. [Online] from https://www.pdsw.org.uk/assets/Uploads/Breathe-Commissioning-Dance-for-Health-Wellbeing-Guide-for-Commissioners-by-Jan-Burkhardt-2012.pdf. Accessed on September 19, 2017 Craig, T. (2012). Mental health: Supporting secondary schools to play a central role in early intervention mental health services. [Online] from https://www.ippr.org/files/publications/pdf/education-education-mental-health_May2016.pdf. Accessed September 20, 2017 Cyril, S., Green, J., Nicholson, J. M., Agho, K., Renzaho, A. N. (2016). Exploring Service Providers' Perspectives in Improving Childhood Obesity Prevention among CALD Communities in Victoria, Australia. Plos ONE, 11(10), 1-22. Dongxia Xiao, L., De Bellis, A., Habel, L., Kyriazopoulos, H. (2013). The experiences of culturally and linguistically diverse family caregivers in utilising dementia services in Australia. BMC Health Services Research, 13(1), 1-20. Dowse, L., Soldatic, K., Spangaro, J., van Toorn, G. (2016). Mind the gap: the extent of violence against women with disabilities in Australia. Australian Journal Of Social Issues (Australian Social Policy Association), 51(3), 341-359. Dowse, L., Soldatic, K., Spangaro, J., van Toorn, G. (2016). Mind the gap: the extent of violence against women with disabilities in Australia. Australian Journal Of Social Issues (Australian Social Policy Association), 51(3), 341-359. Federal of Ethic Communities Council of Australia, [FECCA], (2012). Womens policy statement Supporting Australian Women from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) Backgrounds. [Online] from https://www.fecca.org.au/images/stories/pdfs/fecca%20womens%20policy%202012.pdf. Accessed on September 19, 2017 Friedli, L., Parsonage, M. (2009). Promoting mental health and preventing mental illness: The economic case for investment in Wales. [Online] from https://www.publicmentalhealth.org/Documents/749/Promoting%20Mental%20Health%20Report%20(English).pdf. Accessed September 20, 2017 Garg, P., My Trinh, H., Eastwood, J., Harvey, S., Woolfenden, S., Murphy, E., ... Ha, M. T. (2017). Explaining culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) parents' access of healthcare services for developmental surveillance and anticipatory guidance: qualitative findings from the 'Watch Me Grow' study. BMC Health Services Research, 171-12. Government of South Australia (2012). Achieving womens equity: South Australias womens policy. [Online] from https://officeforwomen.sa.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/29083/Womens-policy-fact-sheet-CALD.pdf. Accessed on September 19, 2017 Grace, F. C., Meurk, C. S., Head, B. W., Hall, W. D., Harris, M. G., Whiteford, H. A. (2017). An analysis of policy success and failure in formal evaluations of Australia's national mental health strategy (1992-2012). BMC Health Services Research, 171-15. Henderson, J., Crotty, M. M., Fuller, J., Martinez, L. (2014). Meeting unmet needs? The role of a rural mental health service for older people. Advances In Mental Health, 12(3), 182-191. Henderson, J., Crotty, M. M., Fuller, J., Martinez, L. (2014). Meeting unmet needs? The role of a rural mental health service for older people. Advances In Mental Health, 12(3), 182-191. Herrman, H., Jane-Liopis, E. (2012). The status of mental health promotion. Public Health Reviews, Vol. 34, No 2, pp. 1-21 Kalra, G., Ventriglio, A., Bhugra, D. (2015). Sexuality and mental health: Issues and what next?. International Review Of Psychiatry, 27(5), 463-469. Kalra, G., Ventriglio, A., Bhugra, D. (2015). Sexuality and mental health: Issues and what next?. International Review Of psychology, 27(5), 463-469. Khawaja, N. G., McCarthy, R., Braddock, V., Dunne, M. (2013). Characteristics of culturally and linguistically diverse mental health clients. Advances In Mental Health, 11(2), 172-187. Martin, C. D. (2012). Chapter 207: The mental status examination. In Walker, HK. Hall, WD., Hurst, JW. Clinical Methods: The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations. 3rd edition. Meany-Walen, K. K., Davis-Gage, D., Lindo, N. A. (2016). The Impact of Wellness-Focused Supervision on Mental Health Counseling Practicum Students. Journal of Counseling Development, 94(4), 464-472. Minas, H., Kakuma1, R., Too, S.L., Vayani., H., Orapeleng, S., Prasad-Ildes., R., Turner, G., Procter., Oehm, D. (2013). Mental health research and evaluation in multicultural Australia: developing a culture of inclusion. International Journal of Mental Health Systems 2013, 7:23, p. 1-25 Posselt, M., McDonald, K., Procter, N., de Crespigny, C., Galletly, C. (2017). Improving the provision of services to young people from refugee backgrounds with comorbid mental health and substance use problems: addressing the barriers. BMC Public Health, 171-17 Reilly, N., Harris, S., Loxton, D., Chojenta, C., Forder, P., Milgrom, J., Austin, M. (2013). Disparities in reported psychosocial assessment across public and private maternity settings: a national survey of women in Australia. BMC Public Health, 13(1), 1-15 Rogers, C., Earnest, J. (2014). A Cross-Generational Study of Contraception and Reproductive Health among Sudanese and Eritrean Women in Brisbane, Australia. Health Care for Women International, 35(3), 334-356. Rogers, C., Earnest, J. (2015). Sexual and reproductive health communication among Sudanese and Eritrean women: an exploratory study from Brisbane, Australia. Culture, Health Sexuality, 17(2), 223-236. Silcox, S. (2016). A health and wellbeing model policy. Occupational Health, 68(2), 16-17. Snider, A., McPhedran, S. (2014). Religiosity, spirituality, mental health, and mental health treatment outcomes in Australia: a systematic literature review. Mental Health, Religion Culture, 17(6), 568-581 Snider, A., McPhedran, S. (2014). Religiosity, spirituality, mental health, and mental health management outcomes in Australia: a systematic literature review. Mental Health, Religion Culture, 17(6), 568-581. Wahass, H. S. (2005). The role of psychologists in health care delivery. Journal of Family and Community Medicine, Vol. 12(2), p. 63-70 World Health Organization, [WHO], (2014). Mental health: a state of well-being. [Online] from https://www.who.int/features/factfiles/mental_health/en/. Accessed on September 19, 2017 Zimbudzi, E., Lo, C., Ranasinha, S., Gallagher, M., Fulcher, G., Kerr, P. G., ... Zoungas, S. (2016). Predictors of Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Co-Morbid Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease. Plos ONE, 11(12), 1-12.

Pablo Picasso Blue Period

The Blue Period in the oeuvre of Pablo Picasso is defined as his paintings created in years 1901-1904. It is characterized by obvious domination of various forms of blue colors in paintings. Interestingly, at this point of his life he was definitely feeling blue.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Pablo Picasso: Blue Period specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The preceding year before the beginning of the Blue Period appeared to be shocking for the artist. Pablo Picasso’s best friend, Carlos Casagemas, committed a suicide. This event is considered to have led the artist to the period of melancholy and depression (Warncke, 201). Feeling frustrated and left alone, Pablo Picasso tries to express his emotions with the help of canvas and oil. He paints himself and other people with unhappy expressions; emptiness can be read on their faces. Pablo Picasso’s Blue Period can be defined as the transition of the art ist from classical to abstract painting (Getlein,28). While creating the paintings, Pablo Picasso was very young (21-25). Therefore, some drawbacks in composition can be observed at the Blue Period. However, at his time, Pablo Picasso made a real revolution in the world of art with his works. Unusual, serious and grotesque, they form a special class of pictures which introduce the age of modern art. The Blue Period includes such works as Self portrait, Le gourmet, Blue Nude, La Celestina, Evocation, burial of Casagemas, Casagemas’ Death, Two sisters, the meeting, Life, Old Guitarist, Child with a Dove, Poor people on the seashore, Susanne Bloch, and others. Child with a dove â€Å"Child with a dove†, painted in 1901, is the painting which opens the Picasso’s series of the paintings of the Blue Period. Unlike the most of paintings of this period, it is very tender and mild.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get yo ur first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A little girl holding a white dove on a playground looks very sad. The picture is still, yet the viewers expect the doe to fly away soon; that is why the subconscious dynamics is present in the work. The light blue and green pastel tones intensify the melancholic mood of the painting. However, the vivid black contours make the figures very contrastive. The brushstrokes can be seen; moreover, it is clear that preceding to the green phone Picasso used deep blue. Interestingly, starting from this painting the author started to sign his works as simply â€Å"Picasso†, with no initials (Raynal, 81). In this painting, the influence of such artists as Gauguin and Cezanne on Picasso’s style of painting can be noticed. The Absinthe Drinker â€Å"The absinthe drinker†, created in 1901, is a work which depicts the culture of Paris of that time. Absinthe, at that time a cheap infusion of weeds, was very spread among the youth . A man with a bottle of absinthe was a casual picture of 19th century (Gilot, 241). The Picasso’s character is very tragic; his posture and expression emphasize his loneliness. He is sitting with his drunken eyes staring in deep thoughts; he is hugging himself with one arm, which is a sign of emptiness, and supporting his chin with another hand. This hand is standing strictly vertical and is situated in the center of the composition, making the painting massive and rude. The palette is comparatively rich; the typical blue colors are combined with red, yet they still are cold. The texture of the painting is homogenious. The painting is now kept in Russia, at the Hermitage in St. Petersburg.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Pablo Picasso: Blue Period specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Self portrait The picture â€Å"Self portrait† was also created in 1901. Painted with oil, this work is very expressiv e. Pablo Picasso shows himself as a serious figure looking straight into the viewer’s eyes. He is holding his head close to his shoulders, which signals the depressed and insecure state. He is wearing black; the rest of the picture is presented in blue tones. Despite the motionless figure, the painting looks very expressive because of contrasted colors. The red lips prove the contrast with cold colors and intensify the emotionality of the painting. The contours are highlighted with thick black lines, which make the style similar to that of Picasso (Richardson, 162). The texture is homogeneous; the brushstrokes are slightly noticeable. The work was one of the objects on a famous Spanish exhibition called â€Å"From El Grego to Picasso†. At the moment the painting is exhibited at the Hotel Salà ©, currently the Musà ©e National Picasso in Paris. Evocation, burial of Casagemas Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More After Pablo Picasso’s best friend’s suicide, the artist paints a set of pictures related to his death. One of them is â€Å"Evocation, burial of Casagemas†, created in 1901. This work is quite big: its original size is 150.5 x 90.5 cm. It depicts the death of Casagemas in two dimensions: one, people mourning his death on the Earth, and the other, people greeting him in Heaven, where Casagemas arrives on a white horse. Heaven take 2/3 of the picture and is painted with pale, cold blue and green with bright white stripes symbolizing clouds. These features signify that the artist gets closer to the cubist technique with its vivid forms and bright boundaries. The scene on Earth is painted in warm tones. The depicted people have no faces, but their postures are extremely expressive; they all show deploration. Noticeably, the Earth part is still, while the heaven part is very dynamic. What is more, the colors used are also very dynamic. In fact, the colors are â€Å" dirty†, which gives the feeling of massiveness. This painting greatly demonstrates how good Picasso was at organizing the composition with many people in a way that looks natural. Casagemas’ Death One of the most striking works of Picasso’s Blue Period is â€Å"Casagemas’ Death†. As it is known, Picasso’s best friend committed a suicide in a temple (Leal, 159). This fact could serve as a reason why the central object of the painting is a bright light of a candle. The rays of the candle enlighten the face of Casagemas. The cold colors of the dead body are contrasted with the hot light – a comparison of death and life. The still body is combined with the dynamic flame. The candle is the only vertical line on the painting, which makes it look like an axis of the picture. The grotesque brushstrokes make the painting even more convincing. The zoomed scale makes an impression of the real presence near the object; in addition, the falling ho rizon adds the pessimism to the already tragic plot. The texture is grained; the artist used a thick layer of the paint. All in all, the painting is very tragic and expressive. The painting is now kept in France, at the Musà ©e Picasso in Paris. Le gourmet The name of this picture, â€Å"Le gourmet†, is often translated as â€Å"The Greedy Child†. However, if translated from French this word actually means â€Å"gastronome†. Picasso shows a boy eating at a table. The dynamical character of the boy is supported by mosaic surrounding; however, even despite making some moves he stays motionless. In comparison with other works of the Blue Period, this work can be defined as the most aristocratic one. In contrast to death, prostitutes and alcoholics Picasso depicts a boy with perfect hair and manners (Cowling, 319). Furthermore, the boy’s figure is shown as small with the help of surrounding objects, which are big; even the plate is too wide for the boy†™s hands. This can be a sign of the character’s loneliness. The colors are pale blue, as in most of the pictures of the period; the warm stains are also present. This picture differs from others by the technique of painting: the brushstrokes are very shallow and vivid. This technique gives an impression of a crayon-painted picture. This picture also contains more details than others; therefore, the elements of classicism are obvious. At the moment the painting is together with some of the works of Picasso’s Blue Period in USA, at the National Gallery of Art in Washington. Blue Nude The picture â€Å"Blue Nude† was painted in 1902. It depicts a necked woman crying sitting with her back to the viewers. Her body and the background are painted identically; only the thick black lines show her shape. The author also uses pink tones in order to contrast between the body and the surrounding. In this picture Pablo Picasso tries to make the first steps to primitivism, showing the simplified shapes (Franck, 143). The colors are not presented separately; all the tones seem to be flowing out from each other. The setting is unclear, as the painted woman has no ground under her; however, she does not look like hanging in the air: her posture is obviously fixed. All in all, despite the vivid lines, the picture looks very integral. La Celestina â€Å"La celestina† was painted in 1903. On the picture there is a woman with slightly grayed hair. The composition is still. She sits in a posture, traditional for Picasso’s portraits: with her body turned 30% to the West and her head turned full face to the viewer. The woman is dressed strictly: she has a black headscarf on. However, her facial expression shows some foxy thoughts. Her eyes, one of which is blind, are staring right, her eyebrows slightly raised, and her lips mysteriously simpering. Thus, Picasso reveals the character of the woman: both the model and Celestina were procuresses (Jaf fe, 82). The dark tones are presented by homogeneous style of painting. The absence of the setting emphasizes the importance and expressiveness of the character. The painting is now kept together with the author’s self-portrait of the Blue Period, in Paris, the Musà ©e National Picasso. Two sisters, the meeting The picture â€Å"Two sisters, the meeting†, created in 1902 depicts two unhappy women standing together. The painter was inspired for this work by his visit to the Paris prison of St. Lazare. The interesting detail about that prison was that it was guarded by nuns. Therefore, the women on the picture are probably nuns or a nun and a prisoner (Gilot, 328). The both characters are still. This work shows Pablo Picasso’s cubist preferences. The work is very contrastive, the semi-shadows are often omitted, the shapes are clean-cut. Some state that the simplified shapes, especially the way of painting the faces, points to the Christian motives (Warncke, 134) . The tones vary from light blue to dark violet. The typical distinct counters are less noticeable than in other works of the period. The curl of the arch on the left repeats the form of the sisters’ heads bend to each other, and the shadow on the right continues this pattern. The barefooted women with their heads covered remind the Discalced Carmelite Nuns. Nowadays the painting is in Russia; specifically, in the Hermitage, St. Petersburg. The old guitarist â€Å"The old guitarist†, created in 1903, is one of the â€Å"mildest† works of Pablo Picasso’s Blue Period referring to the technique. A homeless man, probably drunk, playing his guitar is shown in the picture. The simple forms are yet detailed; the muscles and tendons are clear. The typical pale blue tones are combined with a warm stain (guitar) and bright white strokes, just like in most of the described paintings. The composition is still; only the guitarist’s hands are supposed to expres s dynamics, but in fact they are also relaxed. The three horizontal lines (the man’s head, hand and legs) are connected by the vertical one (the guitar). At the moment the work is situated at the Art Institute of Chicago in USA. Life The painting â€Å"Life† is another work where Picasso originally situates many figures. The author depicts Casagemas with his lover, and a mother with a child near them. The picture also refers to the set of Casagemas’ portraits. The triple dimension includes the three front characters, one person at the background and also two people painted on a picture behind the front characters. All the figures are motionless; only the couple on the left compensates the still composition. None of the characters meet with their eyes; this also adds some dynamics to the painting. The colors change from light blue on the top to brownish green on the bottom. The bright white stains highlight the front space and serve as a frame for the background . In this picture, author uses as much contrast as it was possible. One of the most obvious is the contrast between the necked couple and a woman in the fabric. Interestingly, the painting shows the alive friend of the author, surrounded by the closest people, which shows the deep feeling of respect that Picasso had to Casagemas. At the moment the work is in USA, The Cleveland Museum of Art. Poor people on the seashore The painting â€Å"Poor people on the seashore† depicts a family of three, a mother, a father and a son. Another name for the painting is â€Å"The tragedy†. The painting refers to the period when Picasso was concentrated on the general message more than on composition. Thus, the composition is rather inconsistent: the woman is still, but the man with the boy is moving in some direction; but their route seems to include hitting the woman. The characters are painted with violet; for the background Picasso used pure light blue colors. They express the fro zen sea and the winter sky; the people with no shoes on also show that they are cold. In general, the mood of the painting is expressed very clearly. The pale stains in this painting are not only used in some elements, but also for underlying the contrast with dark tones. All in all, despite the imperfect composition, Picasso managed to express the atmosphere excellently. The painting is now at the National Gallery of Art in Washington, USA. Suzanne Bloch â€Å"Suzanne Bloch† is the last painting from Pablo Picasso’s Blue Period. This portrait does not differ much from the other portraits of Picasso: the typical composition, model’s posture, tones and style of painting. A still woman looks straight into the viewers’ eyes; the dark tones of clothing and hair are contrasted with very pale skin. Warm orange lips also prove a contrast to the general cold of the painting. The texture is rather coarse, which makes the painting look messy. The portrait also has an interesting story. It was once stolen from a museum and found a year later, undamaged and safe (Leal, 287). All in all, the Blue Period in the artistic work of Pablo Picasso is one of the most prolific ones. The feeling of resignation was one of the strongest stimuli for the artist to create his works. The Blue Period is marked by expressive melancholic paintings and a palette of cold blue colors. Because of the mournful mood, author depicts unhappy people. None of the characters painted during the Blue Period is smiling; they all embody either poor, sad or stereotypically bad characters. In addition, the style of Picasso’s paintings becomes very recognizable; it still contains the aristocratic tones and mild transitions but at the same time has the roots of cubism. The main features of the Blue Period’s portraits are stillness, heavy dark colors, and thick black contours. Nowadays the works are kept in greatest galleries of the world and admitted to be ones of the world best works. Works Cited Barnet, S. A short guide to write about art 9th edition. London: Longman, 2002. Print. Cowling, E. Picasso: Style and Meaning. Phaidon Press, 2002. Print. Franck, D. Bohemian Paris: Picasso, Modigliani, Matisse, and the Birth of Modern Art. Grove Press, 2003. Print. Getlein, M. Living with Art 8th Edition. McGraw Hill Higher Education, 2007. Print. Gilot, F, Lake, C. Life with Picasso. Virago,1990. Print. Jaffe, H. Picasso (Masters of Art) New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1983. Print. Leal, B. The Ultimate Picasso. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 2000. Print. Raynal, M. Picasso: Biographical and Critical Studies. Skira,1959. Print. Richardson, J. A Life of Picasso: The Prodigy, 1881-1906. Alfred A. Knopf, 2007. Print. Warncke, C, Walther, I, Taschen,G. Picasso Taschen: illustrated edition, 2003. Print. This essay on Pablo Picasso: Blue Period was written and submitted by user Beetle to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The eNotes Blog No Accounting for Taste A Bunch of Over-Educated People Confess BookHatred

No Accounting for Taste A Bunch of Over-Educated People Confess BookHatred Y U NO see this book is HORRIBLE? I just asked my group of friends on Facebook to tell me what book they HATE that everyone else seems to love. Well, it has been roughly one hour and we are up to  EIGHTY-TWO comments. Now, to look at the list you would think this was NOT a group of people holding approximately one-third of the nations student debt. You would not suspect that the  lowest  degree among thesecontributors is a Masters. No, to look at this list would be to assume an IQ level hovering around say Kardashian. I am here to tell you that even those of us who consider tweed to be sexy and elbow pads to be all-the-rage can admit that there are certain works that we just cannot stand.   Some are classic, some we are forced to teach, some are foisted on to us via book clubs. Whatever the case, you will either take umbrage or comfort in the forthcoming admissions: Moby Dick  by Herman Melville Erudite Explanation: Ughhh The Fountainhead  by Ayn Rand If there are more than 79 pages, this grad student will never find out. Repeated attempts all stop there. A Confederacy of Dunces  by John Kennedy Toole Pulitzer-Schumlitzer. PFFFT. Edith Wharton. All of it.   Nattering in drawing rooms. If only WHARTON had been killed by a runaway sled. The Great Gatsby  by F. Scott Fitzgerald It  pains  me to put this here but poor ol Jay, Nick, Daisy and the rest of the West Egg Gang got at least three thumbs down. A fellow professor gently expresses her reasoning:   Everyone loves that book, but I hated it. I hated it when we read it in high school, and I hated it when I re-read it in grad school, because I had to teach it. Lord of the Flies  by William Golding   Clearly it is a good thing our semesters are over: Kids dont just stop being psychotic animals because an adult shows up. Pride and Prejudice  by Jane Austen Male friend intones OHHHHHH Mr. Darcy!! (I detect sarcasm.) Jane Eyre  by Charlotte Bronte   I wish they wouldve both died in the fire. So, this is just a sampling of the long-held vitriol among our kind. What did you hate that you were forced to read? Or who do you think listed here is completely wrong and should not be allowed to instruct Our Nations Youth? We really want to know!

Initiatives to develop respect towards referees in the United Kingdom Essay

Initiatives to develop respect towards referees in the United Kingdom - Essay Example Sports is an important part of our society as it brings people from varied culture and backgrounds at one place cheering for their teams and players. These people can be from different places, religion, caste and various other factors which are considered discriminatory in social norms come to an end in a sports extravaganza. Players are their heroes; they worship them, idolize them and try to imitate them. There are great things to learn from the sports, about winning and losing, sportsmanship spirit, respect for other players, etc. which bonds the society together. The major sports events and all sports fixtures are occasions on which people can open up towards those who are different themselves and learn something about others, for sport is also unrivalled as a force for bringing together and mixing different types of people and their cultures in short for allowing them to meet and to share something other than mistrust, facilitating communication and probably combats prejudice, t he tendency to make valued judgments and the types of belief that give rise to hatred and intolerance (Bodin, et al , 2005, p.163) Commonwealth of Australia (2008) once stated that â€Å"— it (sport) helps to build social cohesion that binds families, communities, regions and the nation. No other facet of our culture has the capacity to bring together so many different streams --- breaks barriers and unites those who have nothing else in common’(Hoye et al, 2009, p.225). These among the few are benefits of sports events inspiring younger generation to achieve excellence in their field. As mentioned earlier, sports benefit the society with positive inspiration but also spoil the society with the players on field behavior. It is further stated that in professional team sports with a high public profile, including association football (soccer), disciplinary transgressions by players and sanctions that are taken by referees provide a rich source of subject material for debate among pundits, journalists and the general public. The action of players and referees in UK football are keenly and intensely scrutinized in the modern day game in the event of foul play which is followed by referee’s action that in turn creates situation between players and referees, wherein players disrespect the decision of on-field referees (Dawson et al, 2007). Regardless of legitimacy, individual referees have always been easy targets and they have been accused, on innumerable occasions, of destroying the game and even influencing the outcome through partial as opposed to merely incorrect decisions. In football the referees have to consider both the ethos of the game and the playing culture, and relate these to the rules of the game. Refereeing is a complicated process, in which one has to deal with rule interpretation in light of the culture and ethos of the game as well as pressure from authorities, players, supporters and the media (Carlsson, n.d.). This paper attempts to discuss why referees in the United Kingdom are leaving football and what are the initiates carried out by Football Association, UK and UEFA for referee retention and develop sense of responsibility among players and other stakeholders apart from discussion the consequences of referee dr op out and abusive actions the match officials. Reasons why referees drop out Every year 7000 football referees are quitting because of abuse on the pitch and the touchlines which may mean shortage leading to inevitable destruction of the game in some areas. The FA spokesperson quoted that there are two and a half million people who want to play more football but there is shortage of referees and estimates that 20 percent of the games are played without a qualified match official (Mole, 2009). White

Sony and Samsung Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sony and Samsung - Essay Example Samsung has continually invested more than any of its rivals on its research and development, rising during the past couple of years to almost 9 percent of its revenue. It has a large and growing force of designers and engineers working in 17 research centers located all around the world (see Exhibit 6). Yun has also forced Samsung's own units to compete with outsiders in order to speed up the process for developing innovative new products. Samsung has also created the post of chief design officer to make sure that designers can get their ideas to top managers. Yun appears to be well aware of the challenges that lie ahead for Samsung. He understands that his firm must keep investing heavily into R&D and keep developing new factories in locations that offer lower costs. Sony probably restructure for a number of reasons. Companies typically restructure when they need to correct poor financial performance or to capitalize on market opportunities or to strengthen corporate value. Each of the five main change programs presented reasons why they were introduced. The changes are clearly sub-headed in the case and you'll find that towards the end of each main section, reasons are given for the next change in line. Just go through each section meticulously, and select a few relevant points to include. Centralized decision-making t... Companies typically restructure when they need to correct poor financial performance or to capitalize on market opportunities or to strengthen corporate value. Each of the five main change programs presented reasons why they were introduced. The changes are clearly sub-headed in the case and you'll find that towards the end of each main section, reasons are given for the next change in line. Just go through each section meticulously, and select a few relevant points to include. 3. To what extent did Sony's restructuring efforts centralize or decentralize decision-making within Sony Centralized decision-making tends to come from a particular group or at a particular location, usually from the senior team/HQ and is typical of hierarchical structures where information is passed down through the layers from the top. Decentralized decision-making suggests greater autonomy and the delegating of decision-making to lower levels of management or to different strategic business units. Sony seems to drift in and out of different approaches to decision-making - sometimes a centralized, sometimes a more decentralized approach. Scan the case and look for information relating to how decisions are made and look for some relevant points to include. At a couple of places in the case, there is direct mention of the terms decentralization and centralization. 4. How culturally diverse do you think the different Sony businesses were, for example, consumer electronics, entertainment, insurance, etc Include just a few brief points here and one or two assumptions. Is there likely to be different cultures in operation due to the nature of the businesses involved Would you expect a different level of cultural awareness and sensitivity in the

Electronic security Essay Example for Free

Electronic security Essay Electronic security is defined as any tool or technique that is used purposely to protect systems information assets. E-security is very valuable element in e-commerce since it adds value to the computer network as it composed of both soft and hard infrastructure E-security has been a matter of debate and it has been scientifically argued to be of great importance to economic development as it aid efficient trade and commerce. E-security has enhanced safe transaction and this has enable customers needs to be taken care off. Through e-security market place has expand since on line is very vital in that it enable many customers to be access to safe markets.   Computer security systems enhance effectiveness, efficient, satisfaction of customers. E-security systems also aids proper decision making concerning security susceptible situations through user interface design (Marco, 2003) E-security has been considered to a fundamental aspect in ensuring that technology benefits an organization in bringing both social and economic development. Development of on line environment has the impact of creating trust amongst its users and this has been taken by many organizations as a priority in order to gain competitive advantage. (Marco, 2003)   Goals of the study of an academic study Security has been subjected to various studies because of the fact that it aids in organization operations. It has been viewed by government entities as an idea of great demand that should be given priorities. The academic study by the Carnegie Mellon University was conducted to ascertain the level of security that can be derived from use of e-security in any given transaction (Marco, 2003) Goals of the private organization study On the other hand, a private organization study was conducted with almost similar goals to the former i.e.   The aim of ascertaining that there is protection of attributes of information security. These attributes include confidentiality, availability and integrity (Marco, 2003). It was also conducted with the objective of factors that can lead to failure of e-security in organizations either through poor planning and design or   overall complexity of electronic security architecture that are concern with sustaining the above attributes. It is vital to comprehend that proper security process encapsulates and consolidates the various processes in an organization such as detection, prevention and recovery of information and other relevant data. .Reasons for conducting the study The academic study was conducted with the aim of ascertaining the methodological approach that can be adopted by organizations and other business institution when assessing the level of competency that it poses in implementation of e-commerce in presence of e-security. To analyze how organization can be effectively and efficiently formulate electronic security and electronic commerce strategies to enhance proper functioning of the organizations To enable the organization to understand the factors that contributes to wide spread of e-security and electronic commerce in the global economy. The study was conducted to articulate major variables that bring about extensive use of the e-security by the business organizations. To compare electronic security, electronic procurement, electronic commerce, payments systems and electronic portals. This is to ascertain the influence that these aspects have brought in terms of global growth in economy. To comprehend and articulate the strategic implications of electronic security on private, public and civil organizations have been able to reduce risk associated cost and how market transactions have been carried out efficiently. It was done to draw inference on the impact of technology and faster flow of information on business transactions. To assess the available options in which e-security can be adopted as a tool for achieving organization goals through proper management strategies To monitor and evaluate e-commerces impact upon current global business   Transactions, technologies and public policy as related to electronic commerce strategy and new technical innovations. Type of data collected The data was collected during the academic study on e-security by the University was surveys from businesses and households on the importance and use of electronic security and ICT in general. The information collected was mainly pertaining trust on IT security. Specific question were being asked concerning the way different households perceived the importance and barriers to Internet commerce. The data collected depends entirely on the traditional strengths of the already collected data which was being used as secondary form of information.   The data collected concerns trust and security of technology services which been employed currently by many organizations. The report that came out of the study was an official data and semi-official data. Both types of data feature the trust that electronic security should be vested with. The official data carries the proposed questions that should be put into consideration before implementing any type of electronic security .How was data collected The data was collected in controlled experiment set up where students who used to attend introductory level business class were the main subjects.   The University employed e-learning package when conducting the study due to the fact that Internet was available. They were randomly assigned certain conditions that were required to follow. Before the actual experiment been conducted students were asked to fill the questionnaire that carries information concerning the demographic profile and other paramount features.   The questionnaires were well validated in order to give correct measures of performance avoidance and any kind of reluctance that the students portrayed (Marco, 2003) Research Questions OF ACADEMIC STUDY The following are common questions that were asked when conducting both studies and they cover important aspects of electronic security and to manage upon its implementation in the organization. These includes policy frameworks, principles, integration with management procedures and more so the significances to total quality management in an organizations. The questions which were asked during private organization study include; What are the some of the principles that influences the transition of electronic security? In what can enterprise security framework enhance the effective administration of electronic security in an organization? In what way can electronic security management be significant aspect to total quality management and enterprise strategic management model? Research questions of the private organization study On the other hand questions which were asked during academic study on electronic security included; In your opinion, what are the significant differences between different ways of electronic payment? What are some of the organization where electronic security has been used extensively? What are safety services been offered electronic security? Instruments used when collecting the data   When conducting the study, the University used very powerful machines such as computers (Intel Pentium 4). The decision made on the use of these computers when collecting data was based on the physical accessibility barriers of the computers and their memory that could make the work of the student very easy. They collected packet traces for each of the experiment and these traces carried data that allowed the group to analyze control packets (AlAboodi, 2003). Results of the study After conducting the study, what came out clearly was the fact that e-security and other web service technologies have had a far-reaching influence on business operations in organizations. Web services and electronic securities have enable organizations to carry out the transactions without the human intervention. It has enable data and applications to flow in without being monitored by the human being. It was also noted that electronic services can be put in place in wide variety of architectures hence can co-exist with other technologies. These services can be adopted in an evolutionary manner in absence of main transformations to legacy applications. Furthermore, it was realized that challenges posed by security cannot be avoided. From the study it was discovered that there exist difficult issues that an organization should put into consideration before implementing any electronic security. These include; Lack of confidentially and integrity of data that depend upon electronic security for its transmission. Service to service transactions are not being trusted by many business organizations due to lack of confidentiality. Availability in the face of denial of service attacks that exploit vulnerabilities unique to Web service technologies, especially targeting core services, such as discovery service, on which other services rely. Functional integrity of electronic security has been subject of debate in many organizations due to the fact that it is not been trusted by many organizations (AlAboodi, 2003). Results study of private organization study The end results of private organization study conducted on electronic security was that improved security is very important to organizations since it adds value to the organization. These are achieved by use of electronic security to enhance good interaction with the potential traders across the globe. Through use of electronic security organizations have been able to gain competitive advantage over their competitors because they are able to maintain closer customer relationship. From the study conducted, it can be concluded that proper employment of electronic securities enable companies to improve their reputation which in turn helps to maintain and retain customers (AlAboodi, 2003) The results obtained from the studies conducted have a very practical value in the sense if a company put in place a well functioning electronic system; it is a position to make a lot of sales. These is as a result of good maintenance of potential customers by the virtue that safe transaction are been carried out between the customers and the organization. If information security and electronic security is well managed, it results less costs of operations been incurred. In addition, electronic security is the basis for healthy foundation for implementation of good business structures and other vital frameworks which are factors that fosters economic growth been experienced in the organization These include Total Quality Management(TQM) and Enterprise Resource Planning(ERP) (AlAboodi , 2003)